Acaba de sair o Ahead-of-Print de mais artigo do Grupo de Pesquisa em Ciências do Esporte (GPCE) da Faculdade de Nutrição da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, com colaboração do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Lutas, Artes Marciais e Modalidades Esportivas de Combate, agora sobre TAEKWONDO. Neste, foram quantificadas as relações de Esforço:Pausa considerando o tempo de ataque e o tempo de STEP (chamado de skipping no artigo). De modo geral, considerando Jogos Olímpicos e Campeonatos Mundiais, a relação de Esforço:Pausa (Ataque:Step) é de aproximadamente 1:7, embora haja diferença na E:P entre os eventos e, nos Campeonatos Mundiais, entre as categorias de peso.
Esta (nova) evidência reforça a ideia de que o treino de lutadores deve ter sintonia com a relação Esforço:Pausa da modalidade que ele pratica. Adicionalmente, alguns ajustes devem ser feitos, pois treinar de modo errado pode conduzir a ajustes fisiológicos inadequados…
Outro dado interessante é que a intensidade da luta aumenta no terceiro round. No meu entendimento isto desconstrói algumas indicações de que o treinamento físico de lutadores de taekwondo deve ser baseado no aprimoramento de força-potência apenas. Caso isto ocorra, meu lutador tenderá a fazer muitos pontos no primeiro e, talvez, no segundo round. No entanto, no terceiro round seu rendimento irá cair e o adversário ira virar o placar do combate.
Santos, VGF, Franchini, E, and Lima-Silva, AE. Relationship between attack and skipping in Taekwondo contests. J Strength Cond Res 25(X): 000-000, 2011
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between attack time (AT) and skipping time (ST) during the 2007 Taekwondo World Championship and 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A total of 22 matches (65 rounds, 13 semifinals, and 8 finals) from the World Championship and 23 matches (63 rounds, 22 rounds with 16 athletes each and 1 quarterfinal round) from the Olympic Games, both in the male category, were assessed using time-motion analysis. The AT was considered as the total time during which the athlete attacked or tried to attack, whereas ST was the total time without attempting to attack. The ratio of AT to ST was ~1:7 based on the data pooled from the 2 competitions. The AT/ST ratio was significantly lower for the World Championship than for the Olympic Games (p <= 0.05). In the Olympic Games, no consistent differences across weight divisions were found. However, during the World Championship, the heavier weight divisions (>78 kg) exhibited a lower average AT, lower summed AT, lower attack numbers (ANs) and higher average ST than lighter weight divisions (<58 kg, p <= 0.05). For both competitions, the ST was lower, and the ANs and AT/ST ratio were higher in round 3 than in round 1 or 2. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that matches in the Olympic Games were less cadenced than in the World Championship, but that in both competitions, the intensity of the match increased in round 3. Practically, these data suggest that coaches need to structure Taekwondo training sessions in a manner that allows the work/pause ratio to mirror the physical demand imposed during competitions.
Prof. Dr. Fabrício Boscolo Del Vecchio 